Drying Kinetics of Tomato, Okra, Potato and Mango in a Forced-Convective Solar Tunnel Dryer

Moussa Na Abou Mamouda; Madougou Saïdou; Boukar Makinta

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijrse.20190802.12

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Drying Kinetics of Tomato, Okra, Potato and Mango in a Forced-Convective Solar Tunnel Dryer

Moussa Na Abou Mamouda, Madougou Saïdou, Boukar Makinta

Published in International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy (Volume 8, Issue 2)

Received: 23 May 2019 Accepted: 26 June 2019 Published: 8 July 2019

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Abstract

The design of a solar drier requires detailed information about drying kinetics of the products to be dried. The objective of our work is to characterize drying kinetics of tomato, okra, potato and mango and calculate the main drying parameters namely the drying rate, the moisture ratio and the effective diffusivity from the derivative form of the Fick’s second law of diffusion. We found that solar drying of tomato, okra, potato and mango occur in both constant and falling-rate phases. Sound experimental conditions and specifically continuous measurements and data collection during experiments, emerged as a major factor allowing the observation of both a constant-rate and falling-rate phases. Two models namely the Henderson & Pabis Model and the Page Model were used to characterize the evolution of moisture ratios (MR) over time. For each of the abovementioned crops, the Page Model appeared to give a better description of MR = f(t) with χ² varying from 0.0051 to 0.0978. As per the Effective Moisture Diffusivity, its values were 8.866×10^-09, 4.651×10^-09, 4.969×10^-09 and 5.177×10^-09 for mango, tomato, potato and okra respectively. Calculated drying constants were compared with the ones obtained by other authors in similar experimental conditions. The experimental dryer we used was a forced convective solar tunnel dryer. All experimentations were conducted in Niamey (Niger) from 7 to 9 June 2018, 3 to 4 Mars 2019, 24 to 26 April 2018 and 1 to 3 May 2018 for mango, tomato, potato and okra respectively.

Published in	International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy (Volume 8, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijrse.20190802.12
Page(s)	34-44
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Solar Dryer, Mango, Okra, Tomato, Potato, Drying Kinetics, Niger

References

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APA Style

Moussa Na Abou Mamouda, Madougou Saïdou, Boukar Makinta. (2019). Drying Kinetics of Tomato, Okra, Potato and Mango in a Forced-Convective Solar Tunnel Dryer. International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy, 8(2), 34-44. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.20190802.12

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ACS Style

Moussa Na Abou Mamouda; Madougou Saïdou; Boukar Makinta. Drying Kinetics of Tomato, Okra, Potato and Mango in a Forced-Convective Solar Tunnel Dryer. Int. J. Sustain. Green Energy 2019, 8(2), 34-44. doi: 10.11648/j.ijrse.20190802.12

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AMA Style

Moussa Na Abou Mamouda, Madougou Saïdou, Boukar Makinta. Drying Kinetics of Tomato, Okra, Potato and Mango in a Forced-Convective Solar Tunnel Dryer. Int J Sustain Green Energy. 2019;8(2):34-44. doi: 10.11648/j.ijrse.20190802.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijrse.20190802.12,
  author = {Moussa Na Abou Mamouda and Madougou Saïdou and Boukar Makinta},
  title = {Drying Kinetics of Tomato, Okra, Potato and Mango in a Forced-Convective Solar Tunnel Dryer},
  journal = {International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {34-44},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijrse.20190802.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.20190802.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijrse.20190802.12},
  abstract = {The design of a solar drier requires detailed information about drying kinetics of the products to be dried. The objective of our work is to characterize drying kinetics of tomato, okra, potato and mango and calculate the main drying parameters namely the drying rate, the moisture ratio and the effective diffusivity from the derivative form of the Fick’s second law of diffusion. We found that solar drying of tomato, okra, potato and mango occur in both constant and falling-rate phases. Sound experimental conditions and specifically continuous measurements and data collection during experiments, emerged as a major factor allowing the observation of both a constant-rate and falling-rate phases. Two models namely the Henderson & Pabis Model and the Page Model were used to characterize the evolution of moisture ratios (MR) over time. For each of the abovementioned crops, the Page Model appeared to give a better description of MR = f(t) with χ2 varying from 0.0051 to 0.0978. As per the Effective Moisture Diffusivity, its values were 8.866×10-09, 4.651×10-09, 4.969×10-09 and 5.177×10-09 for mango, tomato, potato and okra respectively. Calculated drying constants were compared with the ones obtained by other authors in similar experimental conditions. The experimental dryer we used was a forced convective solar tunnel dryer. All experimentations were conducted in Niamey (Niger) from 7 to 9 June 2018, 3 to 4 Mars 2019, 24 to 26 April 2018 and 1 to 3 May 2018 for mango, tomato, potato and okra respectively.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Drying Kinetics of Tomato, Okra, Potato and Mango in a Forced-Convective Solar Tunnel Dryer
AU  - Moussa Na Abou Mamouda
AU  - Madougou Saïdou
AU  - Boukar Makinta
Y1  - 2019/07/08
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.20190802.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijrse.20190802.12
T2  - International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy
JF  - International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy
JO  - International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy
SP  - 34
EP  - 44
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1549
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.20190802.12
AB  - The design of a solar drier requires detailed information about drying kinetics of the products to be dried. The objective of our work is to characterize drying kinetics of tomato, okra, potato and mango and calculate the main drying parameters namely the drying rate, the moisture ratio and the effective diffusivity from the derivative form of the Fick’s second law of diffusion. We found that solar drying of tomato, okra, potato and mango occur in both constant and falling-rate phases. Sound experimental conditions and specifically continuous measurements and data collection during experiments, emerged as a major factor allowing the observation of both a constant-rate and falling-rate phases. Two models namely the Henderson & Pabis Model and the Page Model were used to characterize the evolution of moisture ratios (MR) over time. For each of the abovementioned crops, the Page Model appeared to give a better description of MR = f(t) with χ2 varying from 0.0051 to 0.0978. As per the Effective Moisture Diffusivity, its values were 8.866×10-09, 4.651×10-09, 4.969×10-09 and 5.177×10-09 for mango, tomato, potato and okra respectively. Calculated drying constants were compared with the ones obtained by other authors in similar experimental conditions. The experimental dryer we used was a forced convective solar tunnel dryer. All experimentations were conducted in Niamey (Niger) from 7 to 9 June 2018, 3 to 4 Mars 2019, 24 to 26 April 2018 and 1 to 3 May 2018 for mango, tomato, potato and okra respectively.
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Moussa Na Abou Mamouda

Energy-Environment Development (ENDA Energy, Niger), Niamey, Niger
Madougou Saïdou
Boukar Makinta

Laboratory of Energetics, Electronics, Electro Technics, Automatics and Industrial Computer Sciences, Abdou Moumouni University, Niamey, Niger

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Moussa Na Abou Mamouda, Madougou Saïdou, Boukar Makinta. (2019). Drying Kinetics of Tomato, Okra, Potato and Mango in a Forced-Convective Solar Tunnel Dryer. International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy, 8(2), 34-44. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.20190802.12

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ACS Style

Moussa Na Abou Mamouda; Madougou Saïdou; Boukar Makinta. Drying Kinetics of Tomato, Okra, Potato and Mango in a Forced-Convective Solar Tunnel Dryer. Int. J. Sustain. Green Energy 2019, 8(2), 34-44. doi: 10.11648/j.ijrse.20190802.12

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AMA Style

Moussa Na Abou Mamouda, Madougou Saïdou, Boukar Makinta. Drying Kinetics of Tomato, Okra, Potato and Mango in a Forced-Convective Solar Tunnel Dryer. Int J Sustain Green Energy. 2019;8(2):34-44. doi: 10.11648/j.ijrse.20190802.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijrse.20190802.12,
  author = {Moussa Na Abou Mamouda and Madougou Saïdou and Boukar Makinta},
  title = {Drying Kinetics of Tomato, Okra, Potato and Mango in a Forced-Convective Solar Tunnel Dryer},
  journal = {International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {34-44},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijrse.20190802.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.20190802.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijrse.20190802.12},
  abstract = {The design of a solar drier requires detailed information about drying kinetics of the products to be dried. The objective of our work is to characterize drying kinetics of tomato, okra, potato and mango and calculate the main drying parameters namely the drying rate, the moisture ratio and the effective diffusivity from the derivative form of the Fick’s second law of diffusion. We found that solar drying of tomato, okra, potato and mango occur in both constant and falling-rate phases. Sound experimental conditions and specifically continuous measurements and data collection during experiments, emerged as a major factor allowing the observation of both a constant-rate and falling-rate phases. Two models namely the Henderson & Pabis Model and the Page Model were used to characterize the evolution of moisture ratios (MR) over time. For each of the abovementioned crops, the Page Model appeared to give a better description of MR = f(t) with χ2 varying from 0.0051 to 0.0978. As per the Effective Moisture Diffusivity, its values were 8.866×10-09, 4.651×10-09, 4.969×10-09 and 5.177×10-09 for mango, tomato, potato and okra respectively. Calculated drying constants were compared with the ones obtained by other authors in similar experimental conditions. The experimental dryer we used was a forced convective solar tunnel dryer. All experimentations were conducted in Niamey (Niger) from 7 to 9 June 2018, 3 to 4 Mars 2019, 24 to 26 April 2018 and 1 to 3 May 2018 for mango, tomato, potato and okra respectively.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Drying Kinetics of Tomato, Okra, Potato and Mango in a Forced-Convective Solar Tunnel Dryer
AU  - Moussa Na Abou Mamouda
AU  - Madougou Saïdou
AU  - Boukar Makinta
Y1  - 2019/07/08
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.20190802.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijrse.20190802.12
T2  - International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy
JF  - International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy
JO  - International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy
SP  - 34
EP  - 44
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1549
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.20190802.12
AB  - The design of a solar drier requires detailed information about drying kinetics of the products to be dried. The objective of our work is to characterize drying kinetics of tomato, okra, potato and mango and calculate the main drying parameters namely the drying rate, the moisture ratio and the effective diffusivity from the derivative form of the Fick’s second law of diffusion. We found that solar drying of tomato, okra, potato and mango occur in both constant and falling-rate phases. Sound experimental conditions and specifically continuous measurements and data collection during experiments, emerged as a major factor allowing the observation of both a constant-rate and falling-rate phases. Two models namely the Henderson & Pabis Model and the Page Model were used to characterize the evolution of moisture ratios (MR) over time. For each of the abovementioned crops, the Page Model appeared to give a better description of MR = f(t) with χ2 varying from 0.0051 to 0.0978. As per the Effective Moisture Diffusivity, its values were 8.866×10-09, 4.651×10-09, 4.969×10-09 and 5.177×10-09 for mango, tomato, potato and okra respectively. Calculated drying constants were compared with the ones obtained by other authors in similar experimental conditions. The experimental dryer we used was a forced convective solar tunnel dryer. All experimentations were conducted in Niamey (Niger) from 7 to 9 June 2018, 3 to 4 Mars 2019, 24 to 26 April 2018 and 1 to 3 May 2018 for mango, tomato, potato and okra respectively.
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
ER  -

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