A Comparative Study of the Physiological Parameters and Efficiency of the Various Types of Hemodialyzers

Albert E. Yousif; Farah M. Abdul-Kareem; Ali J. Mudhaffer

doi:doi:10.11648/j.bio.20150302.11

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A Comparative Study of the Physiological Parameters and Efficiency of the Various Types of Hemodialyzers

Albert E. Yousif, Farah M. Abdul-Kareem, Ali J. Mudhaffer

Published in American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering (Volume 3, Issue 2)

Received: 6 December 2013 Accepted: 29 June 2015 Published: 30 June 2015

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Abstract

The work presented in this paper is intended to compare the physiological parameters and ''efficiency'' (the capacity to remove Urea, while ''Flux'' refers to the capacity to remove water, and indirectly, the capacity to remove molecules of middle molecular weight for the three basic types of dialyzer (twin coil, parallel plate, and hollow fiber). A comparative study of the operational parameters ,that is, ( clearance, resistance, permeability (which means efficiency with removing molecules of small molecular weight ),membrane surface area, time, and clearance ratio (extraction ratio). The most desirable property of a hemodialysis membrane is high mass transfer of toxic solutes to reduce the dialysis time, blood compatibility and limited protein adsorption capacity. This was achieved in the hollow fiber dialyzer which has relatively high mass transfer as compared to that of the parallel plate and also for the twin coil dialyzer all having about the same membrane surface area. Dialysis treatment was given to 65 patients with kidney failure; 25 patients for the study of clearance and permeability, and 40 patients for the study of dialysis adequacy. The treatment time was found to be approximately about half the time for the hollow fiber dialyzer as compared to the Kiil and Kolff dialyzers of about the same membrane surface area. This reduction in treatment time is extremely advantageous for the patient endurance and comfort.

Published in	American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering (Volume 3, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.bio.20150302.11
Page(s)	8-16
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Dialyzer Efficiency, Kolff Dialyzer, Kiil Dialyzer, Hollow Fiber Dialyzer, Urea Clearance

References

[1]	Lai1 M. H., Nieh H. M., Teng T. P., Chen J. J., Huang Y. Y., Lu Y. C., ''Development of an Hemodialysis Simulator for Interdisciplinary Learning'', IEEE, pp. 2493-2497,2010.
[2]	Claudio Ronco, Bernard Canaud, Pedro Aljama,''Solute Removal by Hollow-Fiber Dialyzers'', Hemodiafiltration, Vol. 158, pp. 20-33, karger, 2007.
[3]	Christopher Kirwan and Andrew Frankel,'' The Artificial Kidney'', Artificial Organs, Springer, 2009.
[4]	David O. Cooney, ''Artificial Kidney Devices'', Biomedical Engineering Principles, Marcel Dekker, 1976.
[5]	Vander et al,'' The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions'', Human Physiology: The Mechanism of Body Function, 8 editions, McGraw−Hill Companies, 2001.
[6]	William Drukker, John A. Sargent and Frank A. Gotch, ''History of Hemodialysis, Principles and Biophysics of Dialysis'', Replacement of Renal Function by Dialysis: A Text Book of Dialysis, Kluwer Academic Publishers, third edition, 1989.
[7]	Narender P. Reddy, ''Modeling and Simulation of Biomedical Systems'', Standard Handbook of Biomedical Engineering and Design, McGraw-Hill, 2004.
[8]	Albert Valek and Rene Tomasek,''comparison of efficacies of various types of artificial kidney'', pp. 340-345, 1966.
[9]	Thomas A. Depner, ''Hemodialysis adequacy: Basic essentials and practical points for the nephrologist in training'', Hemodialysis International, 9, pp 241–254, 2005.
[10]	John T. Daugirdas and John C. Van Stone, and James T. Boag''Physiologic Principles and Urea Kinetic modeling, Hemodialysis Apparatus'', Handbook of Dialysis, 2nd and 3rd edition, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Publishers, 2000.
[11]	Thomas A. Depner,''Assessing adequacy of hemodialysis: Urea modeling'', Kidney International, Vol. 45, pp. 1522—1535, 1994.
[12]	Sadiq Jafer Abbass, Zainab Ismail Al-Salihi,'' The Effect Of Increasing Dialysate Flow Rate In Hemodialysis'', College of Engineering Journal (NUCEJ) Vol.10, No.1, pp.72-79, 2007.
[13]	Benjamin A. Halpren, Stanton G. Axline, Norman S. Coplon, and Debera M. Brown,'' Clearance of Gentamicin during Hemodialysis: Comparison of Four Artificial Kidneys'', Vol. 133, No. 6, Oxford journals, pp. 627-636, 1976.
[14]	Kaye M. and Posen G. A., ''Adaptation of a travenol kidney for chronic dialysis using a Kiil dialyzer and a sterile dialysate circuit'', Vol.10, American Society for Artificial Internal Organs, 1964.
[15]	Ahmad Taher Azar,''Increasing Dialysate flow Rate Increases Dialyzer Urea Clearance and Dialysis Efficiency: an in Vivo study'', Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and transplantation, 20(6):1023-1029, 2009.

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APA Style

Albert E. Yousif, Farah M. Abdul-Kareem, Ali J. Mudhaffer. (2015). A Comparative Study of the Physiological Parameters and Efficiency of the Various Types of Hemodialyzers. American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 3(2), 8-16. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20150302.11

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ACS Style

Albert E. Yousif; Farah M. Abdul-Kareem; Ali J. Mudhaffer. A Comparative Study of the Physiological Parameters and Efficiency of the Various Types of Hemodialyzers. Am. J. BioSci. Bioeng. 2015, 3(2), 8-16. doi: 10.11648/j.bio.20150302.11

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AMA Style

Albert E. Yousif, Farah M. Abdul-Kareem, Ali J. Mudhaffer. A Comparative Study of the Physiological Parameters and Efficiency of the Various Types of Hemodialyzers. Am J BioSci Bioeng. 2015;3(2):8-16. doi: 10.11648/j.bio.20150302.11

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@article{10.11648/j.bio.20150302.11,
  author = {Albert E. Yousif and Farah M. Abdul-Kareem and Ali J. Mudhaffer},
  title = {A Comparative Study of the Physiological Parameters and Efficiency of the Various Types of Hemodialyzers},
  journal = {American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering},
  volume = {3},
  number = {2},
  pages = {8-16},
  doi = {10.11648/j.bio.20150302.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20150302.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.bio.20150302.11},
  abstract = {The work presented in this paper is intended to compare the physiological parameters and ''efficiency'' (the capacity to remove Urea, while ''Flux'' refers to the capacity to remove water, and indirectly, the capacity to remove molecules of middle molecular weight for the three basic types of dialyzer (twin coil, parallel plate, and hollow fiber). A comparative study of the operational parameters ,that is, ( clearance, resistance, permeability (which means efficiency with removing molecules of small molecular weight ),membrane surface area, time, and clearance ratio (extraction ratio). The most desirable property of a hemodialysis membrane is high mass transfer of toxic solutes to reduce the dialysis time, blood compatibility and limited protein adsorption capacity. This was achieved in the hollow fiber dialyzer which has relatively high mass transfer as compared to that of the parallel plate and also for the twin coil dialyzer all having about the same membrane surface area. Dialysis treatment was given to 65 patients with kidney failure; 25 patients for the study of clearance and permeability, and 40 patients for the study of dialysis adequacy. The treatment time was found to be approximately about half the time for the hollow fiber dialyzer as compared to the Kiil and Kolff dialyzers of about the same membrane surface area. This reduction in treatment time is extremely advantageous for the patient endurance and comfort.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Comparative Study of the Physiological Parameters and Efficiency of the Various Types of Hemodialyzers
AU  - Albert E. Yousif
AU  - Farah M. Abdul-Kareem
AU  - Ali J. Mudhaffer
Y1  - 2015/06/30
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20150302.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.bio.20150302.11
T2  - American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering
JF  - American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering
JO  - American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering
SP  - 8
EP  - 16
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5893
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20150302.11
AB  - The work presented in this paper is intended to compare the physiological parameters and ''efficiency'' (the capacity to remove Urea, while ''Flux'' refers to the capacity to remove water, and indirectly, the capacity to remove molecules of middle molecular weight for the three basic types of dialyzer (twin coil, parallel plate, and hollow fiber). A comparative study of the operational parameters ,that is, ( clearance, resistance, permeability (which means efficiency with removing molecules of small molecular weight ),membrane surface area, time, and clearance ratio (extraction ratio). The most desirable property of a hemodialysis membrane is high mass transfer of toxic solutes to reduce the dialysis time, blood compatibility and limited protein adsorption capacity. This was achieved in the hollow fiber dialyzer which has relatively high mass transfer as compared to that of the parallel plate and also for the twin coil dialyzer all having about the same membrane surface area. Dialysis treatment was given to 65 patients with kidney failure; 25 patients for the study of clearance and permeability, and 40 patients for the study of dialysis adequacy. The treatment time was found to be approximately about half the time for the hollow fiber dialyzer as compared to the Kiil and Kolff dialyzers of about the same membrane surface area. This reduction in treatment time is extremely advantageous for the patient endurance and comfort.
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Albert E. Yousif

Professor, Medical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, alnahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
Farah M. Abdul-Kareem

Graduate student, Medical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, alnahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
Ali J. Mudhaffer

Consultant Internist-Nephrologists, Kidney Disease and Transplant Center, the Medical City Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq

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APA Style

Albert E. Yousif, Farah M. Abdul-Kareem, Ali J. Mudhaffer. (2015). A Comparative Study of the Physiological Parameters and Efficiency of the Various Types of Hemodialyzers. American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 3(2), 8-16. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20150302.11

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ACS Style

Albert E. Yousif; Farah M. Abdul-Kareem; Ali J. Mudhaffer. A Comparative Study of the Physiological Parameters and Efficiency of the Various Types of Hemodialyzers. Am. J. BioSci. Bioeng. 2015, 3(2), 8-16. doi: 10.11648/j.bio.20150302.11

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AMA Style

Albert E. Yousif, Farah M. Abdul-Kareem, Ali J. Mudhaffer. A Comparative Study of the Physiological Parameters and Efficiency of the Various Types of Hemodialyzers. Am J BioSci Bioeng. 2015;3(2):8-16. doi: 10.11648/j.bio.20150302.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.bio.20150302.11,
  author = {Albert E. Yousif and Farah M. Abdul-Kareem and Ali J. Mudhaffer},
  title = {A Comparative Study of the Physiological Parameters and Efficiency of the Various Types of Hemodialyzers},
  journal = {American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering},
  volume = {3},
  number = {2},
  pages = {8-16},
  doi = {10.11648/j.bio.20150302.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20150302.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.bio.20150302.11},
  abstract = {The work presented in this paper is intended to compare the physiological parameters and ''efficiency'' (the capacity to remove Urea, while ''Flux'' refers to the capacity to remove water, and indirectly, the capacity to remove molecules of middle molecular weight for the three basic types of dialyzer (twin coil, parallel plate, and hollow fiber). A comparative study of the operational parameters ,that is, ( clearance, resistance, permeability (which means efficiency with removing molecules of small molecular weight ),membrane surface area, time, and clearance ratio (extraction ratio). The most desirable property of a hemodialysis membrane is high mass transfer of toxic solutes to reduce the dialysis time, blood compatibility and limited protein adsorption capacity. This was achieved in the hollow fiber dialyzer which has relatively high mass transfer as compared to that of the parallel plate and also for the twin coil dialyzer all having about the same membrane surface area. Dialysis treatment was given to 65 patients with kidney failure; 25 patients for the study of clearance and permeability, and 40 patients for the study of dialysis adequacy. The treatment time was found to be approximately about half the time for the hollow fiber dialyzer as compared to the Kiil and Kolff dialyzers of about the same membrane surface area. This reduction in treatment time is extremely advantageous for the patient endurance and comfort.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Comparative Study of the Physiological Parameters and Efficiency of the Various Types of Hemodialyzers
AU  - Albert E. Yousif
AU  - Farah M. Abdul-Kareem
AU  - Ali J. Mudhaffer
Y1  - 2015/06/30
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20150302.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.bio.20150302.11
T2  - American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering
JF  - American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering
JO  - American Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering
SP  - 8
EP  - 16
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5893
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bio.20150302.11
AB  - The work presented in this paper is intended to compare the physiological parameters and ''efficiency'' (the capacity to remove Urea, while ''Flux'' refers to the capacity to remove water, and indirectly, the capacity to remove molecules of middle molecular weight for the three basic types of dialyzer (twin coil, parallel plate, and hollow fiber). A comparative study of the operational parameters ,that is, ( clearance, resistance, permeability (which means efficiency with removing molecules of small molecular weight ),membrane surface area, time, and clearance ratio (extraction ratio). The most desirable property of a hemodialysis membrane is high mass transfer of toxic solutes to reduce the dialysis time, blood compatibility and limited protein adsorption capacity. This was achieved in the hollow fiber dialyzer which has relatively high mass transfer as compared to that of the parallel plate and also for the twin coil dialyzer all having about the same membrane surface area. Dialysis treatment was given to 65 patients with kidney failure; 25 patients for the study of clearance and permeability, and 40 patients for the study of dialysis adequacy. The treatment time was found to be approximately about half the time for the hollow fiber dialyzer as compared to the Kiil and Kolff dialyzers of about the same membrane surface area. This reduction in treatment time is extremely advantageous for the patient endurance and comfort.
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
ER  -

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